Watermelon drip irrigation
The watermelon irrigated by drip irrigation reduces the humidity in the shed, reduces the watermelon disease, improves the soil ecological environment, loosens the soil, increases the water content, and develops the root system of the watermelon. The final fruit commodity rate increased by more than 15%, the quality of watermelon pulp was also improved, and the total yield was improved. According to statistics, the scientific application of watermelon cultivation with drip irrigation technology has reached 5600kg/667 square meters, and the yield increased production by 23.8%.
Watermelon planting should choose fertile soil, less weeds, and the planting ground should be kept as flat as possible to avoid excessive height difference, and the soil of 3 to 5 years without planting melon crops to grow watermelon.Drip irrigation should also pay attention to the selection of sub-seepage and infiltration capacity, good drainage to facilitate the emergence and root growth, and rationally arrange the planting structure of crops in the nearby plots, to avoid the phenomenon of water demand during the peak period of crop water demand.
The water pipeline required for drip irrigation is the passage that directs the water from the water supply to the drip irrigation area. For watermelon drip irrigation, it is generally three-stage, namely dry pipe, branch pipe and drip irrigation capillary. The flow rate of the capillary dripper is 4L/h, the distance between dripper is 30cm, and the mulch film of 90cm width is used. One drip irrigation capillary tube is placed in each film, and the distance between adjacent two capillary tubes is 2.6m, and the dosage is 260m/667m2. For sandy soil plots with weak lateral water diffusion capacity and strong vertical infiltration capability, a membrane and two-tube pipe-laying method is adopted, and the irrigation effect is better.
When installing, the capillary tube is directly installed on the branch pipe, and the branch pipe is connected to the main pipe or directly connected to the water source system. To use a clean water source, there must be no suspended solids in the water, otherwise an internet filter should be added to prevent rust and sediment. The filter is filtered by a gauze of 8 to 10 mesh. When conditions permit, a pressure gauge valve and a fertilizer mixing tank (volume 0.5 to 1 m3) are installed. The capillary tube is generally arranged in parallel with the planting row, and the branch pipe is perpendicular to the planting row. The main pipe is perpendicular to the branch pipe, parallel to the capillary pipe, and the main pipe should be buried 80 cm deep. The connection between the drip irrigation capillary and the branch pipe is a three-way connection. When connecting with a three-way, punch the hole in the upper part of the branch pipe, press the button three-way, and connect the capillary at both ends. When using the ordinary three-way, the size of the water outlet hole must be adjusted or the valve tee should be used to ensure that the water from each drip irrigation tube is even.
Before laying, fully consider the water control area of each supervisor. If the control area is too large, the pressure will be insufficient, and the amount of water supplied within the rated time will not reach the specified water level; if the area is too small, the pressure will be too large, and drip irrigation will be The capillary tube is easy to burst.
Watermelon drip irrigation is a low-pressure irrigation. The pressure required for normal dripping is 0.01 to 0.2 MPa. If the pressure is too high, the hose may be broken. If the pressure is too small, the dripping may be uneven. When there is no pressure gauge, it can be judged from the operation of the drip capillary. If the capillary is approximately circular and the sound of the water is not large, the pressure is considered appropriate. If the capillary is too tight, the water sound is too loud, indicating that the pressure is too high and should be adjusted to prevent the capillary from rupturing. If the capillary is flat, the pressure is too small and should be pressurized.
During the growth period, watermelon should strengthen the prevention and control of pests and diseases, especially for the prevention and control of watermelon root diseases such as blight, it must be carried out for 5-6 years, so as to ensure the yield.